Fluke, or, I Know Why the Winged Whale Sings Chapter 26

Section TWENTY-SIX Picking the Lock to Davy Jones' Locker † ‘Bite me'?† Libby Quinn stated, perusing the tail. The whale tail gradually curved in space, pixel by pixel, as the PC extrapolated the new point. Margaret Painborne sat at the PC. Dirt and Libby remained behind her. Kona was working over the room on Quinn's reassembled machine. † ‘Bite me'?† Clay rehashed. â€Å"That can't be right.† He considered the thing Nate had said about observing a tail simply like this and shuddered. Margaret hit a couple of keys on the console, at that point turned in Clay's seat. â€Å"This a joke, Clay?† â€Å"Not mine. That was crude film, Margaret.† As alluring as Clay discovered Libby, he discovered Margaret similarly frightening. Possibly the last due to the previous. It was mind boggling. â€Å"The tail picture before you moved it is actually what I saw when I was down there.† â€Å"You've all been stating how refined their correspondence capacity was,† said Kona, attempting to sound logical however basically simply irritating everybody. â€Å"How?† said Libby. â€Å"Even on the off chance that you needed to, how might you paint a whale's accidents like that?† Margaret and Clay just shook their heads. â€Å"Rust-Oleum,† recommended Kona, and they all turned and scowled at him. â€Å"Don't give me the smell eye. You'd need the waterproof, huh?† â€Å"Did you wrap up those pages?† Clay said. â€Å"Yah, mon.† â€Å"Well, spare them and go rake something or cut something or something.† â€Å"Save as a binary,† Margaret included rapidly, yet Kona had just spared the document, and the screen was clear. Margaret wheeled her seat over the workplace, her silver hair trailing out behind her like the Flying Sorceress of Clerical Island. She pushed Kona aside. â€Å"Crap,† she said. â€Å"What?† asked Clay. â€Å"What?† asked Libby. â€Å"You said spare it,† Kona said. â€Å"He spared it as an ASCII document, a book record, not a paired. Poop. I'll check whether it's okay.† She opened the record, and text showed up on the screen. Her hand went to her mouth, and she sat back gradually in Clay's seat. â€Å"Oh, my God.† â€Å"What?† came the theme. â€Å"Are you sure you put this in, similarly as it fell off the graphs?† she asked Kona without taking a gander at him. â€Å"Truth,† said Kona. â€Å"What?† said Libby and Clay. â€Å"This must be a joke,† said Margaret. Earth and Libby stumbled into the space to take a gander at the screen. â€Å"What!† â€Å"It's English,† Margaret stated, highlighting the content. â€Å"How is that possible?† â€Å"That's not possible,† Libby said. â€Å"Kona, what did you do?† â€Å"Not me, I just composed ones and ohs.† Margaret snatched one of the legitimate pages with the ones and ohs and started composing the numbers into another record. At the point when she had three lines, she spared it, at that point revived the document as text. It read, WILL SCUTTLE SECOND BOAT TO__ â€Å"It can't be.† â€Å"It is.† Clay bounced into Margaret's lap and begun looking through the content from Kona's translation. â€Å"Look, it continues for some time, at that point it's simply gobbledygook, at that point it goes on some more.† Margaret glanced back at Libby with Save me in her eyes. â€Å"There is no chance that the melody is conveying a message in English. Parallel was a stretch, yet I will not accept that humpbacks are utilizing ASCII and English to communicate.† Libby glanced over to Kona. â€Å"You folks removed these from Nate's tapes, precisely the manner in which you demonstrated me?† Kona gestured. â€Å"Kids, take a gander at this,† Clay said. â€Å"These are all advancement reports. Longitude and scope, times, dates. There are guidelines here to sink my pontoon. These fuckers sank my boat?† â€Å"What fuckers?† Margaret said. â€Å"A humpback with ‘Bite me' on his flukes?† She was attempting to check out Clay's wide back. â€Å"If this were conceivable, at that point the naval force would have been utilizing it quite a while ago.† Presently Clay hopped up to confront Kona. â€Å"What tape is this last part from?† â€Å"The last one Nate and Amy made, the day Nate suffocate. Why?† Dirt sat back on Margaret's lap, looking staggered. He highlighted a line of text on the screen. They all inclined in to peruse: QUINN ON BOARD__WILL RENDEZVOUS WITH BLUE-6__AGREED COORDINATES__1600 TUESDAY__NO PASTRAMI â€Å"The sandwich,† Clay said inauspiciously. Simply then Clair, home from school, ventured into the workplace to find an extemporaneous pooch heap of activity geeks before Quinn's PC. â€Å"All you mongrels need to be a piece of a sandwich, and you don't have the foggiest idea how to manage one woman.† â€Å"Not the spoon!† screeched Kona, his hand heading off to the goose egg on his temple. Nathan Quinn got up feeling as though he expected to slither out of his skin. In the event that he hadn't felt it previously, he would have thought he had the nonexclusive heebie-jeebies (experimentally), however he perceived the inclination as being hit with overwhelming subsonic sound waves. The blue-whale transport was calling. Because it was underneath the recurrence of his hearing didn't mean it wasn't uproarious. Blue-whale calls could travel ten thousand miles, he accepted that the boat was putting out comparable sounds. Nate sneaked out of his bunk and about fell going after his shirt. Something else he hadn't saw promptly †the boat wasn't moving, he despite everything had his ocean legs on. He dressed rapidly and headed down the hall to the extension. There was an enormous comfort that spread over the territory between the two whaley-kid pilots that hadn't been there previously. In contrast to the remainder of the boat, it seemed, by all accounts, to be man-made, metal and plastic. Sonar scopes, PCs, hardware that Quinn didn't perceive. Nuã ±ez and the light lady, Jane, were remaining at the sonar screens wearing earphones. Tim was situated adjacent to one of the whaley young men at the focal point of the support before two screens. Tim was wearing earphones and composing. The whaley kid gave off an impression of being simply viewing. Nuã ±ez saw Nate come in, grinned, and motioned for him to approach. These individuals were totally bumbling as captors, Nate thought. Not a proportion of fear among them, the people in any case. Notwithstanding the subsonic heebie-jeebies, he would have felt right comfortable. â€Å"Where did this come from?† The hardware looked unbelievably unrefined close to the exquisite natural structure of the whale transport, the whaley young men, and, so far as that is concerned, the human team. Comparing structures between human-fabricated gadgets and natural frameworks hadn't generally happened to Nate before on the grounds that he'd been adapted never to consider creatures planned. The whale transport was placing a profound scratch in his Darwin. â€Å"These are our toys,† Nuã ±ez said. â€Å"The comfort remains beneath the floor except if we have to see it. Absolutely superfluous for the whaley young men, since they have direct interface with the boat, however it causes us to feel like we recognize what's going on.† â€Å"And they can't type for shit,† said Tim, tucking his thumbs under and making a pummeling the-keys motion. â€Å"Tiny thumbs.† The whaley kid close to him trumpeted a raspberry all over Tim's screen, leaving huge specks of shading amplified in the whaley spit. He trilled twice, and Tim gestured and composed into the PC. â€Å"Can they read?† Nate inquired. â€Å"Read, sort of compose, and the greater part of them comprehend at any rate two human dialects, despite the fact that, as you likely saw, they're not showy talkers.† â€Å"No vocal cords,† said Nu;ez. â€Å"They have air chambers in their minds that produce the sounds they make, however they make some hard memories framing the words.† â€Å"But they can talk. I've heard Em †I mean, them.† â€Å"Best that you simply learn whaleyspeak. It's fundamentally what they use to converse with one another, aside from they keep it in the scope of our hearing. It's simpler to learn in the event that you've learned other apparent delicate dialects like Navajo or Chinese.† â€Å"I'm apprehensive not,† Nate said. â€Å"So the boat is calling?† Tim pulled off his earphones and gave them to Nate. â€Å"The pitch is raised into our range. You'll have the option to hear it through there.† Nate held an earphone to one ear. Since he could hear the sign, he could likewise feel it start and stop all the more intensely in his chest. On the off chance that anything, it soothed the inconvenience, since he could hear it coming. â€Å"Is this a message?† â€Å"Yep,† said Jane, pulling up an earphone. â€Å"Just as you suspected. We type it in, the PC places the message into pinnacles and troughs on the waveform, we play the waveform for the whaley young men, and they cause the whale to sing that waveform. We've aligned it over the years.† Nate saw that the whaley kid at the metal reassure had one deliver a natural attachment fitted into the front of the comfort †like a tissue link that rushed to the whale transport through the support's base, like the ones on the substance reassures the pilots utilized. â€Å"Why the PCs and stuff at all if the whaley young men do everything by†¦ what? Instinct?† The whaley kid at the reassure smiled up at Nate, squeaked, at that point played out the universal sign for a hand work. â€Å"It's the main way we can be in the loop,† Jane said. â€Å"Believe me, for quite a while we were only in the interest of personal entertainment. The whaley young men have the equivalent navigational sense that the whales themselves do. We don't comprehend it by any means. It's a type of attractive jargon. It wasn't until the Dirts †that is you †created PCs and we got a few people who could run them that we turned out to be a piece of the procedure. Presently we can surface and pull a GPS organize, transmit it, speak with different groups. We have some thought of wha

The Geography of North America Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Geography of North America - Essay Example There is additionally a Mediterranean atmosphere in the South West, and a dry mainland inside in the Great Plains (North America). With regards to the vegetation type in North America, it is likewise changed and the sorts that exist in it incorporate prairies, dry spell safe vegetation, coniferous timberlands, deciduous broadleaf backwoods, and tundra. Among the land shapes in North America, there are mountain reaches, fields, and volcanoes. Finally, among the normal disasters, there are tornadoes, floods, tropical storms, quakes, and ice storms (North America). With regards to language, the two most regular communicated in dialects in North America incorporate English and Spanish. English is prevalently spoken in the United States, Bermuda, Canada and the Cayman Islands. Then again, Spanish is being spoken in the remainder of the nations, while a piece of Canada would communicate in French (â€Å"Facts about North America†). North American culture is about independence, which is normal among Americans. This is the act of keeping individual separation with someone else. This probably created on account of the way that families are spread out the nation over and the landmass. In addition, Thanksgiving Day is a period that families assemble and reestablish their bond with one another. North American culture is likewise about uniformity and trading of endowments (â€Å"North American Culture†). The wealthiest nations in North America are Canada and the United States (â€Å"Facts about North America†). Additionally, there are a sum of 393 cutting edge areas in this landmass and there are 19 explicit innovative enterprises that exist here. The biggest and most persuasive innovative focus on the planet, Silicon Valley, is the pioneer of the metropolitan locales of the mainland (DeVol et al.). As of now, the United Stateshas a populace of 316.1 million and Canada with 35.2 million. North America has 11 megaregions in the United States alone and these areas are the place the development of populace is

Sales Funnel Tips and Tricks that Double Your ROI

Sales Funnel Tips and Tricks that Double Your ROI Sales is the activity of selling goods and services to customers in exchange of money. Every organization lives and breathes on this integral component and it forms the backbone of their business. Whether it be the retail industry or the online/internet industry, every firm in any industry is always keeping an eye on their sales conversion rates.They always want to know how their revenues fair in comparison to their investment in marketing and advertising. Successful businesses monitor how much they spend, how they brand their products, and how much they earn, whereas unsuccessful organizations do not analyze all of this information.Companies are looking for ways of attracting more prospective customers into buying their goods. A marketing model that is commonly employed by companies to deal with this issue is the Sales Funnel, also known as the Purchase Funnel or Marketing Funnel.A sales funnel is a marketing model that depicts the journey consumers go through, from being unaware of your brand to actually purchasing your product. It is a very essential model that determines how successful your conversion rates are. Being able to convert more leads into actual customers is essential in boosting your sales and making your business more profitable.A sales funnel is a visual representation of the steps required to sell your product or service. As its name suggests, it resembles a funnel, with a wide and large pool of leads at the very top and a narrow and smaller group of customers buying your product. © Shutterstock.com | Red DeerIn this article, we will describe the sales funnel and how you can make use of it to boost your sales conversion rates. We will provide you some tips and tricks to double your return on investment (ROI) successfully attracting more customers and getting them to buy your products and services.WHAT IS A SALES FUNNEL?Over 100 years ago, Elias St. Elmo Lewis created a model that demonstrated the transition from consumers being attracted by a brand to consumers actually purchasing products from that same brand.This model is called the sales funnel and it was based on the AIDA model, AIDA being an acronym of Awareness, Interest, Decision, and Action.While this is a well established and trusted model, it is an outdated historical model and does not necessarily adhere to modern concepts. So many things have changed when it comes to business practices and customer interactions and expectations. Every sales process can be segmented based on a Sales Funnel that sui ts any particular business.You will need to analyze and assess your own organization to completely understand the steps customers need to take in order to eventually purchase your product. Let’s have a look at each of the most important parts of the sales funnel.Awareness â€" The first and most important step in the sales funnel is to make potential consumers aware of your brand and product. There are various ways of going about this and fortunately, in the 21st century businesses are not limited to traditional marketing. They can use online/digital marketing tactics, too. Besides placing advertising in newspapers and magazines and using TV commercials, companies now also use social media marketing (SMM), search engine advertising (SEA), and email marketing. There are plenty of avenues to explore when building awareness in potential consumers. Depending on the product or service you are promoting, you will need to select which route to go. Pursuing all of them simultaneously may n ot be the wisest choice and could lead to high expenses. Know your product and target audience, and place ads accordingly.Interest  â€" After your customers have become aware of your product, they need more convincing to get them into buying your product. They are only aware of your product, but are still not convinced that it is the best thing on the market and that they need it. After telling them what it is, you need to tell them why they need it. This is where quality content plays a crucial role. Very good advertisement consists of high quality content that hooks customers into buying something. Your job as a company is to educate your leads in order to convert them into prospective buyers. You must create desire within your target demographic.Evaluation â€" Before arriving at a final decision, all customers will scope out the playing field and have a look at your competitors’ offers. Since consumers are about to spend money on a product, they need time to assess their option s. They will weigh their options, compare and contrast, and then arrive at a decision. Having reviews of your product available to read online will significantly turn the tides in your favor, especially video reviews. Testimonials are a proven method of reeling in your customers, since people trust others who have reviewed the product.Decision  â€" In this stage of the sales funnel, prospects are almost ready to make their decision to purchase your product and are prepared to become your customers. Usually this stage of the sales process gets prolonged because of hesitancy and uncertainty on the part of customers. In some situations, you as the salesperson of your business can slightly improve the offer without being too overbearing on your customers. Sometimes, these last minute activities make the difference between a sealed deal and a broken one.Action  â€" This is the final stage of the sales funnel, where your customers have made their purchase and you will deliver your product to your customers. When the entire sell is successful, you will receive your payment. Many falsely assume that it ends here, when that is actually far from the truth. Businesses should strive to have loyal customers. Following up on their queries and complaints shows them that you are genuinely concerned with their satisfaction. When you are able to satisfy customers, then they will spread the word of your brand, creating a positive brand image on your behalf. Loyal consumers tend to be repeat consumers, so you have successfully generated a customer base.These are the most common stages of any sales funnel in almost all industries. Depending on your specific industry, you may need to include extra stages due to the nature of your business.We will not go into specific detail on those other stages, as they vary greatly from company to company. When you are able to identify which business model works perfectly for you, then you are able to convert more leads into prospects and eventua lly customers.Look at how the sales pipeline works. TIPS AND TRICKS TO DOUBLE YOUR ROIWhen constructing a sales funnel that suits your business model, you must always keep in mind how effective it is. This can be determined by your return on investment (ROI). The ROI defines the effectiveness of investment, comparing profits to the capital investment. A high ROI means that favorable gains were earned from an investment, whereas a low ROI implies that a loss was incurred on investments. All businesses strive to achieve very high ROI, spending as little money as investment and reaping a large profit from it.That is easier said than done, but there are ways to accomplish that. Let’s look at the sales funnel in a manner that considers the consumers, the main target of any business, before moving on to how that relates to improving the ROI.Alternative View on the Sales FunnelYour sales funnel has a top, middle, and bottom section. The top section is where you have leads who need to be made aware of your product and brand. Leads typically have no idea of your product but with the help of advertising, they become familiar with your product. The middle section is the biggest chunk and it is concerned with sparking interest in these leads to make them prospects, consumers who are genuinely interested in purchasing your product. This is w here your company needs to take appropriate measures in convincing potential customers into buying your products. The last portion of the funnel is the narrow bit where actual customers have purchased your goods.Based on this, the very top of the funnel consists of leads and you have to cast a very wide net to catch as many leads as possible to widen your sales funnel. A percentage of these leads will become your prospects, people who are interested in your product and are qualified to make a purchase.When you look at it statistically, the more leads you are able to bring into your funnel, the more prospects you could potentially have. When you have more prospects, then you can convert them to more customers. And this is the bottom line of your business â€" the customers, the ones who are buying your product. In order to improve your ROI, you need to improve your conversion rates down the funnel.Understanding Conversion RatesFar too many make the mistake of falsely associating more customers to a higher ROI, but that is not necessarily true.Imagine a situation where your website attracts 1000 visitors per month. Those 1000 visitors are your leads, just dropping by the site but not doing much beyond that. If your website has a landing page and registration form, perhaps 100 people completed it. This means that 10% of your leads has now become your prospects, because they are genuinely interested. From those 100 leads, maybe 10 people have actually bought something from your site. This means that 10% of prospects are actual customers. When taking a top-down approach to the entire thing, 100 leads turned into 10 customers, resulting in an overall conversion rate of 1%.Many may decide to spend more money on ad campaigns and generate more leads. For instance, if you happen to double your number of leads, prospects, and customers, then you will have 20 customers instead of 10. While that is definitely an improvement, your conversion rate remains at 1%. To acquire mo re customers, you had to invest more money and although you have more customers, thereby increasing your sales, you still have the same conversion rate. ROI is linked with conversion rates and as long as there is no improvement in the conversion rate, then your ROI will not improve.There are techniques and methods to improve your ROI by investing less money on attracting a large number of leads and investing more money on converting these leads to prospects and eventually customers. Let’s see how we can do that efficiently with some tips and tricks.Learn more on conversion rate optimization in the following video. Spend Less Money on Traditional MarketingBefore the age of the internet, products and services were marketed traditionally. Advertisements were placed in newspapers and magazines, banners and billboards were posted around cities, and TV commercials were created.Ad campaigns in the past were quite expensive and it came with a huge risk, because it was very difficult to gu arantee that those efforts would results in a large number of conversions. With the advent of the internet came new marketing tactics, too, to acquire leads online.Digital marketing, or online marketing, is a set of tools to advertise or market products and services online. Search engine optimization (SEO), search engine advertising (SEA), social media marketing (SMM), and email marketing are modern methods of promoting your brand at a very low cost.Unlike traditional marketing schemes, these online methods are relatively cheap and have been proven to draw a large number of customers. Many people now use the internet 24/7, so if you can reach out to everyone around the world through this one medium, then you have cast a wide net with very little effort on your part.As you shift your efforts from and dedicate more time on digital marketing, you are effectively spending less money on customer acquisition. Being able to generate more leads while not spending money is every company’s dream, and you can make that possible. Creating awareness, however, is only the first step. Now you have to find ingenious ways to get people to retain their interest and desire in your product and brand.Always Keep Customers InterestedThe top of the funnel is important, but nowhere near as important as the middle of the funnel, where you job as a company is to entice leads into becoming prospects by feeding them more information and appeasing them. Here are some methods of keeping your prospects hooked on your product.Content Reigns SupremeGoogle has become a ubiquitous part of our lives. We cannot live without the world’s most popular search engine. Whenever we want to have questions answered or want to find out some information, we search for it on Google. It has even become a verb in our vernacular!Good quality content optimized for search engines like Google will always appear at the top of the search list, and that is what you should strive for. This is where search engine o ptimization (SEO) plays a vital role in assuring that your website frequently appears high on the search list. Using language that your audience easily understands and is relevant to your product will hook your prospects.Know your target audience and understand your products and services extremely well so that you can create content around it and cater to your demographic. Provide as much relevant information as you can on your website, because the last thing you want is for your prospects to look elsewhere for more information and then they happen to stumble upon a competitor’s product.Odds are that your competitor has something on their site that is stealing your prospects. You need to ensure that your prospects stay on your site. An effective and very successful method of keeping them interested is to create a landing page that directs them close to your products.Click Through Landing PagesOne of the most popular types of landing pages is called a click through landing page. Th e goal of this landing page is to convince a website visitor into clicking through to go to another page. In most cases, it describes a particular sweet deal or special offer on an existing product that entices a visitor into buying it.All successful ecommerce websites use this particular type of landing page, since people are looking to buy something when they come to your site and a special offer will only appeal to them. A landing page displays enough information that gets your lead closer to becoming a prospect and eventually a customer.Click through pages result in an improved conversion rate because you are creating interest within your prospect. You are guiding them to the part of your website where they can actually make a purchase on a product you are promoting.You might think that eliminating choices from a landing page (since it is not as detailed as a website) is a bad thing but in fact, the manner in which you write your landing page will make it more persuasive instead of forced.Lead Capture Landing PagesAnother type of popular landing page is called a lead capture landing page. These landing pages are used to capture user data, like their name and email address. The goal was to collect email addresses of visitors and use email marketing to continually advertise products to these users.After filling out a form and giving specific information, a company can personally advertise to specific visitors to remind them of special offers and deals and keep people interested.Apart from promoting products and services to your prospects via email, other purposes of lead capture landing page include promoting ebooks, webinars, coupons, contests, and notifications of future products. Lead capture pages ensure that your leads do not lose interest. Email marketing is a very powerful tool of digital marketing and you should definitely take advantage of it by using lead capture landing pages.A combination of the two types of landing pages in addition to optimized content for your customers will result in an improved conversion rate, since you piqued the interest of your leads. There is now a higher probability that they will decide to buy your product.[slideshare id=45196536doc=kissmetricsleadgenlps-oligardner-150226160051-conversion-gate01w=710h=400]Advertise and Market on Social Media NetworksWhen people think of social networks, many immediately think of Facebook, the platform made for interacting with friends and connecting with new ones.However, Facebook is also a powerful platform for businesses to display their corporate information and frequently make posts about their products. In addition to having a Facebook page, we suggest every company to have accounts in Twitter, Google+, LinkedIn, Instagram, and Snapchat.Here are some tips on using some social media platforms to reach out to more leads and get their interest in your goods.Your Facebook page needs to frequently post about special deals and offers your company is making. Every body who follows the page will be informed of these deals and this will entice them into buying your products. Constantly notifying your Facebook page followers will keep them interested and you have a higher chance to boost conversions. Facebook is the most popular social network for advertising products for corporations all over the globe.Twitter is another popular social platform that companies use to broadcast their deals. Using hashtags will boost the popularity of your posts and draw more customers into seeing your posts.Another platform that frequently uses hashtags is Instagram. Being just as big as Facebook and Twitter, Instagram is a great platform for advertising your product. Put appropriate hashtags to get more people to look at your product.Lastly, we would urge everybody to use Google+ and post deals and offers on your products. Although it may not be as popular as the other aforementioned platforms, its popularity is on the rise, with many users adopting this network . Be one of the first companies to take advantage of this empty playing field and start advertising and posting offers on Google+.Having all of these accounts up and running at all times will ensure that you always remind people of your products. In the 21st century, there are too many things going on at any given instance, so constantly reminding people of what you offer will grab their attention. This is a proven method of boosting conversion rates and increasing your ROI.Moreover, it would be wise to place ads on these platforms. Having accounts and pages in these networks is great for posting content on a regular basis.However, also having paid advertising on these platforms will ignite interest in those who do not necessarily follow your company. This may fall under the awareness aspect of the sales funnel, but it can also be categorized in the interest part, too.Sometimes posts about your company may not appear in the feed on the homepage of these social networks, so you need advertising as a backup plan to pop up.Customers Come FirstEven if your customers are aware of who you are and what you are selling after seeing a ton of ads online, they still do not know if they can trust you. This is actually the most important question customers ask themselves before deciding to buy something â€" “Can I trust this company?”Typical questions that you should ask yourself as a business are, “Am I reliable? Do I offer quality products at a good price? Is there a warranty or guarantee on my products? What sets me apart from my competitors?”If you cannot answer these questions positively with any sort of justification, then you need to start working on that right now. That is how you can improve conversion rates, thereby increasing your ROI.Emphasize Key Points to CustomersEarlier in this article, we talked about email marketing and how it is a very important tool in convincing people to buy product from you. You need to email all prospects who gave you their contact information via lead capture landing pages and reassure them that they can indeed trust you.You need to send periodical emails to all prospects, stating that your products are unlike anything else on the market and that you are offering them at the most competitive price. Even though the world economy is improving, it is still struggling to get back completely on its feet, so people are still very price conscious.Highlighting that your prices are very low by offering sales and discounts will tell you customers that you are providing economic incentives. This is a necessary ingredient in acquiring customers, by setting the best prices. This is an effective method of converting more leads.In addition to price, people are very concerned about the quality of service they will receive. Customers need to receive good support; otherwise, they will not be inclined in buying your products. Your ads need to clearly state that you offer warranties on your goods. In case of any defectiv e or broken goods, customers should be able to return their goods and receive a brand new one. This reassures them that they are making a smart investment and that the company (i.e. you) cares about them. This is another very effective method of converting leads.Make sure to have a customer support team set up at your organization to answer queries from customers, helping customers solve the problems they may face using your product. A 24/7 tech support team will be able to answer all calls and emails promptly to deliver excellent customer support. Make sure to emphasize this piece of information in your ads and emails.When customers see that your company is ready to answer all of their questions and help them at any time of the day or night, this gives them a strong reason to buy products from you. The keyword here is promptly â€" not the day after or several hours later. You should answer everything within an hour! Studies have shown that companies with amazing customer support ar e the ones with the highest customer conversion rate and experience the best ROI.When you take all of these steps to provide excellent customer satisfaction with a 24/7 tech support team, warranties on all products, and the best prices on the market, then you have a very high chance of converting more prospects into customers. Providing all of these perks and services will only sweeten the deal for them and they have no choice but to take it. Think of these added bonuses as bait and they will get you more customers, you can count on that. More conversions, more ROI.Here is why great customer service is so important for improving your ROI. Retain CustomersA big mistake that some organizations make is that after customers buy their products from them, they think that the deal has been sealed and there is nothing left to do. That could not be any further from the truth.Your job as a company is to secure more leads, convert more leads into prospects and in turn customers, and hold on to the customers you do have. The last step is just as important, maybe even more important, than the first two. You need to keep these customers for the long run because they trust you and you need to value their trust in you.The moment you fail to live up to their expectations, they will abandon you and you just lost a customer. Retaining customers is a key component of boosting your ROI and there are some proven methods in ensuring that.Deliver on Quality and ServiceThe reasons for customers returning to you to purchase new products is that they liked the first product they originally purchased and they liked the customer service they received afterward. When you take the effort of being with your customers even after a purchase, then your customers will be in there for the long haul. Your brand image plays a vital role holding on to customers, so do everything you can to create a positive and friendly brand image that customers believe in.For instance, company A manufacturers comp uters. They happen to be very good in terms of specifications. However, whenever there is a problem, the tech support is nowhere to be found. People will most likely not buy computers from them. A competing firm, company B, also manufactures computers that are inferior and poor in terms of hardware. However, they have a round-the-clock customer service team ready to help all customers at any time. Still, customers are likely not to buy computers from them. Now consider company C, a manufacturer that produces high quality computers and has a support team that helps customers promptly. Customers will instantly gravitate toward company C because they deliver what customers want â€" quality and service. That is how you retain customers and keep them coming back to buy more goods from you.When customers are happy, they will always come back for more. In addition, they will market your brand and products for you. Word of mouth is an underappreciated yet powerful marketing tool in the indu stry. Whenever you satisfy any customer, studies show that they will inform their friends and convince them to buy products from you. Consequently, you have successfully raised your ROI, all because you made customers happy in the first place.CONCLUSIONWhenever you are trying to sell your product or service to consumers, you must first analyze your own business model and design a sales funnel depicting how your customers go from being aware of your product to actually buying it. Do not fall in the trap of only attracting a large number of leads to boost the number of actual paying customers. While absolute numbers are important, they do not paint the whole picture; you need comparison data, too. In this case, the conversion rates and the ROI are a better indication of your marketing success and effectiveness.Following the steps that were mentioned in this article will significantly boost your ROI, doubling it or perhaps even tripling it if done correctly. By converting more leads in to prospects and in turn customers, you are gaining more from your initial capital investment. Always fine-tune your tactics to improve conversion rates.

Surrealism - The Movement and Artists Who Defied Logic

Surrealism defies logic. Dreams and the workings of the subconscious mind inspire surrealistic art (French for super-realism) filled with strange images and bizarre juxtapositions. Creative thinkers have always toyed with reality, but in the early 20th century Surrealism emerged as a philosophic and cultural movement. Fueled by the teachings of Freud and the rebellious work of Dada artists and poets, surrealists like Salvador Dalà ­, Renà © Magritte, and Max Ernst promoted free association and dream imagery. Visual artists, poets, playwrights, composers, and film-makers looked for ways to liberate the psyche and tap hidden reservoirs of creativity. Features of Surrealistic Art Dream-like scenes and symbolic imagesUnexpected, illogical juxtapositionsBizarre assemblages of ordinary objectsAutomatism and a spirit of spontaneityGames and techniques to create random effectsPersonal iconographyVisual puns  Distorted figures and biomorphic shapesUninhibited sexuality and taboo subjectsPrimitive or child-like designs How Surrealism Became a Cultural Movement Art from the distant past can appear surreal to the modern eye. Dragons and demons populate ancient frescos and medieval triptychs. Italian Renaissance painter Giuseppe Arcimboldo  (1527–1593) used trompe l’oeil effects (fool the eye)  to depict human faces made of fruit, flowers, insects, or fish. The Netherlandish artist Hieronymus Bosch  (c. 1450–1516) turned barnyard animals and household objects into terrifying monsters. Did Salvador Dalà ­ model his strange rock after an image by Hieronymus Bosch? Left: Detail from The Garden of Earthly Delights, 1503–1504, by Hieronymus Bosch. Right: Detail from The Great Masturbator, 1929, by Salvador Dalà ­. Credit: Leemage/Corbis and Bertrand Rindoff Petroff via Getty Images Twentieth-century surrealists praised The Garden of Earthly Delights and called Bosch their predecessor. Surrealist artist Salvador Dalà ­ (1904–1989) may have imitated Bosch when he painted the odd, face-shaped rock formation in his shockingly erotic masterpiece, The Great Masturbator. However, the creepy images Bosch painted are not surrealist in the modern sense. It’s likely that Bosch aimed to teach Biblical lessons rather than to explore dark corners of his psyche. Similarly, Giuseppe Arcimboldo (1526–1593)’s delightfully complex and freakish portraits are visual puzzles designed to amuse rather than to probe the unconscious. Although they look surreal, paintings by early artists reflected deliberate thought and conventions of their time. In contrast, 20th-century surrealists rebelled against convention, moral codes, and the inhibitions of the conscious mind.The movement emerged from Dada, an avant-garde approach to art that mocked the establishment. Marxist ideas sparked a disdain for Capitalist society and a thirst for social rebellion. The writings of Sigmund Freud suggested that higher forms of truth might be found in the subconscious. Moreover, the chaos and tragedy of World War I spurred a desire to break from tradition and explore new forms of expression.   In 1917, French writer and critic Guillaume Apollinaire (1880–1918) used the term â€Å"surrà ©alisme† to describe Parade, an avant-garde ballet with music by Erik Satie, costumes and sets by Pablo Picasso, and story and choreography by other leading artists. Rival factions of young Parisians embraced surrà ©alisme and hotly debated the meaning of the term. The movement officially launched in 1924 when poet Andrà © Breton (1896–1966) published the First Manifesto of Surrealism. Tools and Techniques of Surrealist Artists Early followers of the Surrealism movement were revolutionaries who sought to unleash human creativity. Breton opened a Bureau for Surrealist Research where members conducted interviews and assembled an archive of sociological studies and dream images. Between 1924 and 1929 they published twelve issues of La Rà ©volutionsur rà ©aliste, a journal of militant treatises, suicide and crime reports, and explorations into the creative process. At first, Surrealism was mostly a literary movement. Louis Aragon (1897–1982), Paul Éluard (1895–1952), and other poets experimented with automatic writing, or automatism, to free their imaginations. Surrealist writers also found inspiration in cut-up, collage, and other types of found poetry. Visual artists in the Surrealism movement relied on drawing games and a variety of experimental techniques to randomize the creative process. For example, in a method known as decalcomania, artists splashed paint on to paper, then rubbed the surface to create patterns. Similarly, bulletism  involved shooting ink onto a surface, and à ©claboussure involved spattering liquid onto a painted surface that was then sponged. Odd and often humorous assemblages of found objects became a popular way to create juxtapositions that challenged preconceptions. A devout Marxist, Andrà © Breton believed that art springs from a collective spirit. Surrealist artists often worked on projects together.The October 1927 issue of La Rà ©volution surrà ©aliste featured works generated from a collaborative activity called Cadavre Exquis, or Exquisite Corpse. Participants took turns writing or drawing on a sheet of paper. Since no one knew what already existed on the page, the final outcome was a surprising and  absurd composite. Surrealist Art Styles Visual artists in the Surrealism movement were a diverse group. Early works by European surrealists often followed the Dada tradition of turning familiar objects into satirical and nonsensical artworks. As the Surrealism movement evolved, artists developed new systems and techniques for exploring the irrational world of the subconscious mind. Two trends emerged:  Biomorphic (or, abstract)  and Figurative. Giorgio de Chirico. From the Metaphysical Town Square Series, ca. 1912. Oil on canvas. Dea / M. Carrieri via Getty Images Figurative surrealists produced recognizable representational art. Many of the figurative surrealists were profoundly influenced by Giorgio de Chirico (1888–1978), an Italian painter who founded the  Metafisica, or Metaphysical, movement. They praised the dreamlike quality of de Chiricos deserted town squares with rows of arches, distant trains, and ghostly figures. Like de Chirico, figurative surrealists used techniques of realism to render startling, hallucinatory scenes. Biomorphic (abstract) surrealists wanted to break entirely free from convention. They explored new media and created abstract works composed of undefined, often unrecognizable, shapes and symbols. Surrealism exhibits held in Europe during the 1920s and early 1930s featured both figurative and biomorphic styles, as well as works that might be classified as Dadaist. Great Surrealist Artists in Europe Jean Arp:  Born in Strasbourg, Jean Arp (1886–1966) was a Dada pioneer who wrote poetry and experimented with a variety of visual mediums such as torn paper and wooden relief constructions. His interest in organic forms and spontaneous expression aligned with surrealist philosophy. Arp exhibited with Surrealist artists in Paris and became best known for fluid, biomorphic sculptures such as Tà ªte et coquille (Head and Shell). During the 1930s, Arp transitioned to a non-prescriptive style he called Abstraction-Crà ©ation. Salvador Dalà ­:  Spanish Catalan artist Salvador Dalà ­ (1904–1989) was embraced by the Surrealism movement in the late 1920s only to be expelled in 1934. Nevertheless, Dalà ­ acquired international fame as an innovator who embodied the spirit of Surrealism, both in his art and in his flamboyant and irreverent behavior. Dalà ­ conducted widely-publicized dream experiments in which he reclined in bed or in a bathtub while sketching his visions. He claimed that the melting watches in his famous painting, The Persistence of Memory, came from self-induced hallucinations. Paul Delvaux:  Inspired by the works of Giorgio de Chirico, Belgian artist Paul Delvaux (1897–1994) became associated with Surrealism when he painted illusionary scenes of semi-nude women sleep-walking through classical ruins. In L’aurore (The Break of Day), for example, women with tree-like legs stand rooted as mysterious figures move beneath distant arches overgrown with vines. Max Ernst:  A German artist of many genres,  Max Ernst (1891–1976) rose from the Dada movement to become one of the earliest and most ardent surrealists. He experimented with automatic drawing, collages, cut-ups, frottage (pencil rubbings), and other techniques to achieve unexpected juxtapositions and visual puns. His 1921 painting Celebes places a headless woman with a beast that is part machine, part elephant. The title of the painting is from a German nursery rhyme. Alberto Giacometti: Sculptures by the Swiss-born surrealist Alberto Giacometti (1901–1966) look like toys or primitive artifacts, but they make disturbing references to trauma and sexual obsessions. Femme à ©gorgà ©e (Woman with Her Throat Cut) distorts anatomical parts to create a form that is both horrific and playful. Giacometti departed from Surrealism in the late 1930s and became known for figurative representations of elongated human forms. Paul Klee. Music at the fair, 1924-26. De Agostini / G. Dagli Orti via Getty Images Paul Klee: German-Swiss artist Paul Klee (1879–1940) came from a musical family, and he filled his paintings with a personal iconography of musical notes and playful symbols. His work is most closely associated with Expressionism and Bauhaus. However, members of the Surrealism movement admired Klee’s use of automatic drawings to generate uninhibited paintings like Music at the Fair, and Klee was included in surrealist exhibitions.  Ã‚   Renà © Magritte. The Menaced Assassin, 1927. Oil on canvas. 150.4 x 195.2 cm (59.2 Ãâ€" 76.9 in). Colin McPherson via Getty Images Renà ©Ã‚  Magritte: The Surrealism movement was already well underway when Belgian artist Renà © Magritte (1898–1967) moved to Paris and joined the founders. He became known for realistic renderings of hallucinatory scenes, disturbing juxtapositions, and visual puns. The Menaced Assassin, for example, puts placid men wearing suits and bowler hats in the midst of a gruesome pulp novel crime scene. Andrà © Masson: Injured and traumatized during World War I, Andrà © Masson  (1896-–1987) became an early follower of the Surrealism movement and an enthusiastic proponent of  automatic drawing. He experimented with drugs, skipped sleep, and refused food to weaken his conscious control over the motions of his pen. Seeking spontaneity, Masson also threw glue and sand at canvases and painted the shapes that formed. Although Masson eventually returned to more traditional styles, his experiments led to new, expressive approaches to art. Joan Mirà ³. Femme et oiseaux (Woman and Birds), 1940, #8 from Mirà ³Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s Constellations series. Oil wash and gouache on paper. 38 x 46 cm (14.9 x 18.1 in). Credit: Tristan Fewings via Getty Images Joan Mirà ³: Painter, print-maker, collage artist, and sculptor Joan Mirà ³ (1893–1983) created brightly colored, biomorphic shapes that seemed to bubble up from the imagination. Mirà ³ used doodling and automatic drawing to spark his creativity, but his works were carefully composed. He exhibited with the surrealist group and many of his works show the influence of the movement. Femme et oiseaux (Woman and Birds) from Mirà ³Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s Constellations series suggests a personal iconography that is both recognizable and strange. Meret Oppenheim: Among the many works by Mà ©ret Elisabeth Oppenheim (1913–1985) were assemblages so outrageous that the European surrealists welcomed her into their all-male community. Oppenheim grew up in a family of Swiss psychoanalysts and she followed the teachings of Carl Jung. Her notorious Object in Fur (also known as Luncheon in Fur) merged a beast (the fur) with a symbol of civilization (a tea cup). The unsettling hybrid became known as the epitome of Surrealism.   Pablo Picasso: When the Surrealism movement launched, Spanish artist Pablo Picasso (1881–1973) was already lauded as a forefather of Cubism. Picasso’s Cubist paintings and sculptures were not derived from dreams and he only skirted the edges of the Surrealism movement. Nevertheless, his work  expressed a spontaneity that aligned with surrealist ideology. Picasso exhibited with surrealist artists and had works reproduced in  La Rà ©volution surrà ©aliste. His interest in iconography and primitive forms led to a series of increasingly surrealistic paintings. For example, On the Beach (1937) places distorted human forms in a dream-like setting. Picasso also wrote surrealistic poetry composed of fragmented images separated by dashes. Here’s an excerpt from a poem that Picasso wrote in November 1935: when the bull–opens the gateway of the horse’s belly–with his horn–and sticks his snout out to the edge–listen in the deepest of all deepest holds–and with saint lucy’s eyes–to the sounds of moving vans–tight packed with picadors on ponies–cast off by a black horse Man Ray. Rayograph,1922. Gelatin silver print (photogram). 22.5 x 17.3 cm (8.8 x 6.8 in). Historical Picture Archive via Getty Images Man Ray: Born in the United States, Emmanuel Radnitzky (1890–1976) was the son of a tailor and a seamstress. The family adopted the name â€Å"Ray† to hide their Jewish identity during an era of intense anti-Semitism.  In 1921, â€Å"Man Ray† moved to Paris, where he became important in the Dada and surrealist movements.Working in a variety of media, he explored ambiguous identities and random outcomes. His rayographs were eerie images created by  placing objects directly onto photographic paper. Man Ray. Indestructible Object (or Object to Be Destroyed), Oversized reproduction of 1923 original. Exhibition at Prado Museum, Madrid. Atlantide Phototravel via Getty Images Man Ray was also noted for bizarre three-dimensional assemblages such as Object to Be Destroyed, which juxtaposed a metronome with a photograph of a woman’s eye. Ironically, the original Object to Be Destroyed was lost during an exhibition. Yves Tanguy: Still in his teens when the word surrà ©alisme  emerged, French-born artist Yves Tanguy (1900–1955) taught himself to paint the hallucinatory geological formations that made him an icon of the Surrealism movement. Dreamscapes like Le soleil dans son à ©crin (The Sun in Its Jewel Case) illustrate Tanguy’s fascination for primordial forms. Realistically rendered, many of Tanguy’s paintings were inspired by his travels in Africa and the American Southwest. Surrealists in the Americas Surrealism as an art style far outlived the cultural movement founded by Andrà © Breton. The passionate poet and rebel was quick to expel members from the group if they didn’t share his left-wing views. In 1930, Breton published a Second Manifesto of Surrealism, in which he railed against the forces of materialism and condemned artists who didn’t embrace collectivism. Surrealists formed new alliances. As World War II loomed, many headed to the United States. The prominent American collector Peggy Guggenheim (1898–1979) exhibited surrealists, including Salvador Dalà ­, Yves Tanguy, and her own husband, Max Ernst. Andrà © Breton continued to write and promote his ideals until his death in 1966, but by then Marxist and Freudian dogma had faded from Surrealistic art. An impulse for self-expression and freedom from the constraints of the rational world led painters like Willem de Kooning (1904-–1997) and Arshile Gorky (1904–1948) to Abstract Expressionism. Louise Bourgeois. Maman (Mother), 1999. Stainless steel, bronze, and marble. 9271 x 8915 x 10236 mm (about 33 feet high). On exhibit at the Frank Gehry-designed Guggenheim Museum in Bilbao, Spain. Nick Ledger / Getty Images Meanwhile, several leading women artists reinvented Surrealism in the United States. Kay Sage (1898–1963) painted surreal scenes of large architectural structures. Dorothea Tanning (1910–2012) won acclaim for photo-realistic paintings of surreal images. French-American sculptor Louise Bourgeois (1911–2010) incorporated archetypes and sexual themes into highly personal works and monumental sculptures of spiders. Frida Kahlo. Self-Portrait as a Tehuana (Diego on My Mind), 1943. (Cropped) Oil on Masonite. Gelman Collection, Mexico City. Roberto Serra - Iguana Press / Getty Images In Latin America, Surrealism mingled with cultural symbols, primitivism, and myth. Mexican artist Frida Kahlo (1907–1954) denied that she was a surrealist, telling Time magazine,  Ã¢â‚¬Å"I never painted dreams. I painted my own reality.† Nevertheless, Kahlos psychological self-portraits possess the other-worldly characteristics of surrealistic art and the literary movement of Magical Realism. The Brazilian painter Tarsila do Amaral (1886–1973) was midwife to a unique national style composed of biomorphic forms, distorted human bodies, and cultural iconography. Steeped in symbolism, Tarsila do Amaral’s paintings might be loosely described as surrealistic. However the dreams they express are those of an entire nation. Like Kahlo, she developed a singular style apart from the European movement. Although Surrealism no longer exists as a formal movement, contemporary artists continue to explore dream imagery, free-association, and the possibilities of chance. Sources Breton, Andrà ©. , 1924First Manifesto of Surrealism.  A. S. Kline, translator. Poets of Modernity, 2010.Caws, Mary Ann, ed.. Surrealist Painters and Poets: An Anthology. The MIT Press; Reprint edition, 2002Greet, Michele. â€Å"Devouring Surrealism: Tarsila do Amaral’s Abaporu.† Papers of Surrealism 11(Spring 2015)Golding, John. â€Å"Picasso and Surrealism† in. Harper Row, 1980.Picasso in RetrospectHopkins, David, ed. A Companion to Dada and Surrealism. John Wiley Sons,  2016Jones, Jonathan.  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Its time to give Joan Mirà ³ his due again.†Ã‚  The Guardian, 29 Dec 2010.  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Paris: The Heart of Surrealism.† Matteson Art.  25 March 2009 La Rà ©volution surrà ©aliste [The Surrealist Revolution], 1924–1929. Journal Archive.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Mann, Jon. â€Å"How the Surrealistic Movement Shaped the Course of Art History.†Ã‚  Artsy.net. 23 Sept  2016  Ã‚  MoMA Learning. â€Å"Surrealism.†Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Paul Klee a nd the Surrealists.† Kunstmuseum Bern - Zentrum Paul Klee  Rothenberg, Jerome and Pierre Joris, eds.  A Picasso Sampler: Excerpts from:  Ã‚  (PDF) The Burial of the Count of Orgaz, Other PoemsSooke, Alastair. â€Å"The Ultimate Vision of Hell.† The State of the Art, BBC. 19 February 2016Surrealism Period. Pablo Picasso.net  Surrealist Art. Centre Pompidou Educational Dossiers. Aug  2007

Heroes Are Heroes Of Heroes - 1416 Words

The stories of heroes are told everywhere; stories of caped men and dashing knights; the poor orphan who used his gift to save the world from the scheming villain, etc. When it comes to the topic of epic heros, most would unhesitatingly agree that heroes are static characters, they were destined for greatness since birth. This is not quite so, as heroes must be dynamic characters. They are made into who they are and they aren’t created from a prophecy or an anomaly that sets them apart from the norm. Heroes, like those around them are shaped by their past and present and are not determined by birth. Still there’s a common belief that the people one idolizes, their heroes, are distant and unreachable; otherworldly even. Some would say that the heroes were always like that, they were born to serve a purpose: to save the world. Humans change all the time but would a hero be the same? It seems to hard to believe that heroes are human too when people hear the grandiose tales of the epic heroes like the crafty Odysseus or mighty King Arthur. The heroes in the â€Å"Odyssey† and â€Å"The Once and Future King† seem to remain unaltered in their respective stories but that is not so. They are human and they do experience emotions and change throughout life just like any other person. In the â€Å"Odyssey† written by Homer, Odysseus is the main character of the epic poem but he is not a hero. He is a static character who is ultimately at fault for the death of his men. Constantly throughout theShow MoreRelatedHeroes : Heroes And Heroes Essay1568 Words   |  7 Pagestimes or in the modern world, heroes still serve the purpose of influencing people to be more courageous, and to reach for higher goals. Heroes are known mainly for their fearless acts or noble character. Heroes prompt people to better themselves, as they help us to dream larger, and work harder. Heroes never give up in their daring acts and encourage other people to do the same. The definition of a â€Å"hero† depends on the era in which they lived in. In ancient times, heroes were more physically powerfulRead MoreHeroes Are Not Born Heroes1259 Words   |  6 Pagesundergone great danger or difficulty† (Webster’s Pocket Dictionary, â€Å"hero 3†). Heroes are not bo rn heroes. Yes, everyone is born with the ability to become a hero, but in time, they may or may not become one. In our society, heroes are greatly acclaimed in the media. Whenever some person takes a bullet for a loved one or save a child from a burning building, there is a huge deal made about it, and they become known as heroes. But a person does not have to physically save someone’s life to be a hero.Read MoreHeroes And Heroes : Joe Dimaggio1008 Words   |  5 PagesJoe DiMaggio Heroes and Villains changed a part of history from 1920 to 1940 in America. During that time baseball became a popular sport. One of the heroes that impacted baseball was Joe DiMaggio. We should all be like Joe he changed an event in life and also changed baseball history. Joe DiMaggio Jr. was born on November 25, 1914 in Martinez, California (Caso). He had Italian Immigrant parents and grew up in San Francisco, California (Joe Bio). He lived in a small house, but with a big family (JoeRead MoreHeroes Of Heroes - Original Writing2279 Words   |  10 Pagesdripped from the silver black ceiling above felt more threatening. That creature was his master, his creator, his God. How could it die? Such thoughts seemed distant even now. It was an impossibility that he refused to accept. Even the so called Heroes were unable to inflict mortal damage to his master. No one was puissant enough to banish it from existence. He was pretty sure that even the so called Gods of the puny mortals were not a match for his creator. But now, they were telling him that hisRead MoreThe Heroes Of Heroes : Superman, Wonder Woman, And Spiderman1381 Words   |  6 PagesThere are many types of heroes but if you look further into them one might find that, mostly, they can all be put into one of three categories. First there are the Superheroes. They are the ones with larger than life powers. They are often found in comic books and movies. The Superheroes are arguably the most well known type of heroes. Great examples include, Superman, Wonder Woman, and Spiderman. The other type of heroes are the Vigilante. The Vigilante are the heroes that save the day but are wantedRead MoreThe Heroes Of The Media953 Words   |  4 PagesAlthough we hardly see heroes in the media because of all the v iolence in the world, we should be able to recognize heroes serving for our country, but also our everyday heroes in our community. Gibbon, a who has studied the disappearance of   public heroes in America, disagreeing with Gibbon and the statement, â€Å"America no longer has heroes.† Journalists and the media do not capture the heroism being shown due to the many columns devoted to other unimportant issues, journalists can contribute to people’sRead MoreThe Heroes Of A Hero1021 Words   |  5 PagesThe Heroes of Fearless A hero can be many different types of people and have many different qualities. The Merriam-Webster dictionary defines a hero as a person admired for achievements and noble qualities. Tom Hanks said â€Å"A hero is somebody who voluntarily walks into the unknown†. Heroes are strong and courageous, but they can also be quite and work behind the scenes. Eleanor Roosevelt once said â€Å"We do not have to become heroes overnight. Just a step at a time, meeting each thing that comes upRead MoreThe Heroes Of A Hero1082 Words   |  5 Pagesdifferent heroes today. There are the heroes you read about in books and watch in movies such as The Avengers and X-Men, and there are the everyday heroes such as doctors, police, and soldiers. There are also tragic heroes. Shakespeare is famous for his tragedies and tragic heroes in them. The traits that make a character a hero in today’s society is, someone who is brave and courageous, strong and fearless selfless, and always wanting to help someone else in need. Today in modern society, heroes are shapedRead MoreHeroes in the Bible763 Words   |  3 Pagesabout the idea of heroes today tends to conjure images created by films such as The Avengers, The Fantastic 4, or Spider-Man. Indeed, since childhood we learn that these are heroes. They are the ones who are not only better than the rest of humanity in some way (usually physical), but who also use these strengths to help those around them. Although few people today think of the Bible in terms of the heroism concept we grew up with, the Old Testament contains some tales of heroes that can stillRead MoreHeroes Essay957 Words   |  4 PagesHeroes Essay The question remains: who is worthy to be called a hero? I have seen many people who deserve the title of a hero for many bold actions. Sure, they do not wear legendary costumes, drive bat-mobiles or possess superhuman abilities. Of course, there is much more to a hero than just what is visible to the eye. As a matter of fact, it is all about what is on the inside—the qualities and behavior fixed in a mentality. That is why self-obsessed people do not make it on the list of heroes

What Impressions of the Characters Relationship Are Conveyed Free Essays

What impressions of the characters relationship are conveyed by the language they use, and the interaction between them? In this text, the opening scene of Ibsen’s Dolls House, the conversation between Helmer and Nora shows who acts as a more authoritative figure through imperatives, patronising lexis and explanative language. This is to show the relationship between the married couple regarding terms of how they address each other. I will also consider gender theories such as Debora Tennen’s gender theory of politeness and Zimmerman and West’s suggesting men are more dominating in conversation. We will write a custom essay sample on What Impressions of the Characters Relationship Are Conveyed? or any similar topic only for you Order Now The purpose of the text, A Dolls House, is to reveal information about the relationship between Nora and Helmer through the interactions of their conversation and their lexis. Nora speaks in a polite manor, ‘just this minute’ which could be interpreted through Trudgill’s gender theory suggesting women use precise pronunciation to aim to be viewed at a higher class. The adjective, ‘just’ could imply Nora will act quickly in order to respond to her husband because he has a higher status and power over herself. However, her husbands language is very different, ‘been wasting money again? ’ this rhetorical question implies a threatening and dominant tone. This could be interpreted by kZimmerman and West’s gender theory which suggests men act more dominant in conversation in order to gain and keep power. The terms of address the couple use change in relation to the conversation topic. Nora addresses her husband by his second name, ‘As you please, Torvald’ which could imply their relationship is formal and she has little authority as he holds all the power. This could be interpreted by Debora Tennen who states that women use terms of address and politeness to form bonds. However, Helmer addresses Nora in two different approaches; whilst they are having a general conversation Nora is referred to as his possession, ‘My little skylark’ the adjective ‘little’ implying she is belittled as she has no authority. Also, the use of the pronoun, ‘my’ implies Nora belongs to Helmer and she has control over her hence the metaphor for her name. However, when Nora ‘misbehaves’ she is addressed with her name, ‘Nora, Nora! Just like a woman! ’ his use of explanative language portrays his loss of patience with her but also he is telling her off like Nora is a child in a patronising manor. The repetition of ‘Nora’ implies she has done wrong and he dismisses her to get her to behave like a father would to a child. This could be interpreted by Grice’s maxims of quantity as he speaks more than Nora implying he has a higher level of authority and power. How to cite What Impressions of the Characters Relationship Are Conveyed?, Essay examples

Alfred Tennysons Charge of the Light Brigade and Wilfred Owens Exposure Essay Example For Students

Alfred Tennysons Charge of the Light Brigade and Wilfred Owens Exposure Essay Alfred Tennysons Charge of the Light Brigade and Wilfred Owens Exposure are two different portrayals of war through poetry. Charge of the Light Brigade is a fast moving poem made up of six stanzas with rhyming in each. The poem describes the advance made by the Light Brigade during the Battle of Balaclava, part of the Crimean War. The Crimean war took place between 1853 and 1856 and Tennyson is one of the most important poets of the Victorian period. From 1850 until his death in 1892, he was poet Laureate, the countries official poet. The poem praises the Brigade, celebrating the sacrifice they made for the country. In the poem there is both the realistic depiction of the violence experienced by the soldiers and the glory of dying for their country. Exposure is a poem written about experiences during the war in winter during World War 1. His poem was a lot more depressing and looked on the more non-heroic. It talks about all the dangers of war not just the battles but it focuses on weather a lot throughout the poem, he talks about Merciless iced east winds and frost will fasten to the mud This gave us a very descriptive image of the climate during the war. Unlike Tennyson who based his poem on a newspaper report, Wilfred Owen actually experienced the war so he had a first hand view of what war was like. At the time of the Crimean war there was much less freedom of speech then there is now. Many poets couldnt even get their poems published during war time to protect the government from being ridiculed for the conditions of war. So it is likely that Alfred Tennyson was told to write a poem praising the soldiers who died in the battle, however It could be just as possible that Tennyson was very awestruck by what he wrote as heroism which the soldiers showed in the war. When can their glory fade? and Honour the charge they made! are just two quotes which portray the soldiers as heroes. Whatever the writers motives were for writing the poem he definitely conveys the idea that these soldiers are heroes. However Wilfred Owen had no ulterior motives for writing the poem, he definitely had a horrific time on the battle grounds not just because it was the place he lost his life but also just from the severe bluntness of his writing during the poem. The first three words of the poem are Our brains ache which is just the beginning of a long journey through feelings and challenges Own personally faced during the war. Wilfred Owen really wanted to convey these feelings through his poem as there was also a lot of propaganda throughout the first world war which suggested heroism and Owen wanted to write about the flip-side of that and show the real effects of war. Sometimes: Nothing Happens. Both poems use a variety of ways to get their point across. They may use the same methods; however they use them to get their very individual messages across in. Personification is used throughout both poems however it is used most in Exposure. Personification is used so that you could relate with the setting or object which is being described so everyday verbs and adjectives are used. In Exposure it uses personification to almost intimidate us with words like Merciless iced east winds and The winds nonchalance. It gives the impression that the weather is angry and murderous. .u8b96e4331c9685f8b8fdde123488a545 , .u8b96e4331c9685f8b8fdde123488a545 .postImageUrl , .u8b96e4331c9685f8b8fdde123488a545 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u8b96e4331c9685f8b8fdde123488a545 , .u8b96e4331c9685f8b8fdde123488a545:hover , .u8b96e4331c9685f8b8fdde123488a545:visited , .u8b96e4331c9685f8b8fdde123488a545:active { border:0!important; } .u8b96e4331c9685f8b8fdde123488a545 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u8b96e4331c9685f8b8fdde123488a545 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u8b96e4331c9685f8b8fdde123488a545:active , .u8b96e4331c9685f8b8fdde123488a545:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u8b96e4331c9685f8b8fdde123488a545 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u8b96e4331c9685f8b8fdde123488a545 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u8b96e4331c9685f8b8fdde123488a545 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u8b96e4331c9685f8b8fdde123488a545 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u8b96e4331c9685f8b8fdde123488a545:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u8b96e4331c9685f8b8fdde123488a545 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u8b96e4331c9685f8b8fdde123488a545 .u8b96e4331c9685f8b8fdde123488a545-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u8b96e4331c9685f8b8fdde123488a545:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The merchant of venice-From what has Portia's father tried to protect her, and how do her suitors arrive at their choices in the casket test? EssayIn Tennysons poem, however, uses personification to stir up emotions and keep us on edge for the heroes he writes about by saying they are going into the Jaws of death and Mouth of Hell these words also mock the enemies in the battle saying that they are the place where Hell reigns. In Exposure Owen wants to describe just how bad conditions in WWI were. So a technique which Owen uses, which Tennyson doesnt at all, is similes. He uses two of these in one paragraph describing the sound of wind and bullets in the distance. Watching , we hear the mad gusts tugging on the wire. Like twitching agonies of men among its brambles. Northward incessantly, the flickering gunnery rumbles, far off, like a dull rumour of some other war. These lines link the freezing weather lingering on them and the isolation which they feel as they arent in a major war zone. The structure of Tennysons poem is a very fast moving poem which is almost exciting. There is also multiple rhymes throughout the poem; these rhymes, however, dont seem to follow a structure. Rhymes used include hell well shell fell in one stanza. These rhymes usually make the reader put more emphasis on those words, this makes poets uses the more extreme words are the ones which rhyme which is exactly what Tennyson did. The rhythm used is a steady but quite fast beat which reflects on the subject of the poem where the soldiers are charging together. However Exposure has no rhythm as it leaves the reader to choose their own rhythm, Owen doesnt use rhyming much however when he does he doesnt use them in a regular pattern like Tennyson. Owen uses the emphasis of rhyming words to just show how bad it was living in the trenches. In Exposure Owen created imagery in other ways too. In his poem he uses colour to describe the scene and even emotions. Shudders black with snow and shivering ranks of grey This could just mean that there was black snow and that all the army was dressed in grey, but I think that Owen was trying to describe the bleakness and the death that reigned during war; that snow brought death which was written as black snow. Also that grey is a dull colour which could show that nothing was happening and that the soldiers were just stood their shivering and slowly dying. Owen also uses a few bits of onomatopoeia which is used to let people associate the images with sounds while reading the poem. He uses words like the flickering gunnery rumbles These words mixed with strong adjectives such as flickering can give readers an extensive sensory view of the scene Owen is describing. Tennyson used repetition a lot to get his point across; it is used to make the words stick in the readers head. Tennyson even repeats most of a whole stanza in stanza 5 from stanza 3. Also at the end of each stanzas it ends with the words six hundred with a statement about them before. This showed the journey of the army. Starting with rode the six hundred for the first three stanzas then goes Not the six hundred which goes on to say that not all of them make it and then finally the last few words Noble six hundred It really makes the words stay in your mind, it stirs up emotions for these six hundred people who gave their lives and saying it so many times just reminds you each stanza about these six hundred heroes who gave their lives. So leading on from that I come to my conclusion; I think that both of these poems are remarkable pieces of writing which bring two different points about war and also using some of the same techniques and using them to pursue their original ideas. Personally I emphasise more with Owens poem as I feel that he brings a raw poem of the bad sides of war which I think is needed to show how bad war is as Tennyson just praises war. Overall though I think that both poems give due respect to people who have died in the war and that is written very beautifull.

Articles Of Confederation Essays (1070 words) - United States

Articles Of Confederation In the 1770s, as Americas great thinkers and writers were declaring their desire for independence; they also established a committee to lay the foundation for the American form of government. These brilliant writers and philosophers hesitantly began designing the national level of government for use in America and named their final draft the Articles of Confederation . Out of their utter distrust of a centralized government, due to their association with the English monarchial system, the drafters deliberately established these articles as a loose confederation of states, rather than a firmly united nation. Life under the Articles of Confederation was filled with hardships and uncertainty, and the political scene was paralyzed with inability due to the lack of sovereignty in a central executive branch and the unanimous state consent required for the ratification of an amendment together with the lack of a taxation privilege . However, despite its inherent flaws, the Confederation gov ernment did prove capable to accomplish a few foreign and domestic achievements. Under the authority of the Confederation, the United States began to introduce itself in the global scene. The United States determined its place in the community of nations by establishing diplomatic relations and its participation in the world economy. The Confederation Congress also accomplished something many historians overlook. They successfully managed, organized, and eventually won the Revolutionary War . After winning the war, the Congress went on to successfully negotiate the Treaty of Paris and compelled the British to recognize American independence. On the domestic home front, the Congress began to effectively solve the land ordnance problem. The Confederation Congress established a procedure for governing the new territories and organized them into prospective states, giving each prospective state full and equal status with the original thirteen states. Furthermore, they institutionalized systems of local government, and public education . Moreover, while accomplishing all this, the congress managed to keep the national economy afloat. This proved to be an enormous feat because the economy was suffering from the loss of colonial privileges. These major achievements were all accomplished despite the inherent flaws in the basic structure of the Confederation government. The Articles of Confederation created a unicameral Confederation Congress, with each state having only one vote. On most political matters this legislative body required the approval of 9 out of 13 states to ratify any proposed Congressional intention. In Article 13, the Articles declared that in order to ratify an amendment to the Articles the consent of all 13 states were required . This left the national government, running through the Confederation Congress, powerless and unable to proceed with the most trivial matters of politics. The Confederation Government, under the Articles, lacked an executive and judicial branch. This caused Congress to be severely handicapped when it came to the enforcement of her requests. This lack of an executive, coupled with the Congresss negated power of taxation, caused a crippling financial difficulties. The Congress, having only enough power to request essential national funds from the states, found that many refused to pay, or were late in doin g so. Due to the lack of an executive branch, Congress soon found itself facing a mounting national debt that it was unable to pay on its own or force states to assume their share of the burden. Since change was virtually impossible, due to the unanimous amendment process, the Articles remained unchanged and hardships continued to mount for many Americans. The major hardships of America in the period of Confederation rule were primarily between the debtor and the creditor . The economic downturn of the mid 1780s, caused by the removal of the guaranteed English markets, left many farmers ruined and inundated with debt . These farmers pleaded with their state governments for help, but in most cases states refused to interfere, in one case in particular, these angered mobs of farmers rebelled against the government. This rebellion was known as Shays Rebellion in 1786 . Alarmed by the rebellion, other state governments agreed to help the angry farmers to thwart these rebellions. Their help came in the form of coining money to cause inflation, thus making the debt seem smaller and smaller. Under the Articles, this coinage was completely legal and it

multinational Company analyze essays

multinational Company analyze essays There are many competing mobile phone companies in the market and more and more new entrants everyday. Nokia is one of the leading companies in the mobile phone industry and has more than 30 market segments in different countries around the world. To compare the Nokias market line in different countries different websites in five different countries were observed: Nokia United Kingdom, Nokia China, Nokia Deutschland, Nokia France, and Nokia USA to analyze the difference. First point worth mentioning is the difference in languages for the various websites of different countries. Observing this we see the localization necessary so that the local people can understand the websites info and review the product line. In most of the websites, the standardized information is translated and the main pages are designed in a similar format with some variations in the layout. However, many of the sites when most of the site links are visited the observable difference can be distinguished. Some of the phones offered in one countrys website are were not offered in the other websites, thus some cultural influences can be seen in the different websites. For example the Nokia 9500 offered in UK is not offered in France or Germany. The Nokia 9500 folds open to display a screen for internet access, receiving stock updates and emails. The UK market is more likely to purchase the 9500 for their lifestyle implementation then the market in France or Germany. The website in China emphasizes more on chatting and instant messenger and stay connected with friends. At the US website, there are emphases on the reliability and easy operation of the products; and many accessory links are provided. The website for France however does not provide the extensive accessory link provided by the US site. Nokia adapted or localized its website to best provide the information desirable for the market segment it is presenting to. In all websites ...

Family and Child Clinic Feasibility Study Term Paper

Family and Child Clinic Feasibility Study - Term Paper Example The incorporation will help the clinic avoid loads of costly asset purchases and other time-consuming needs such as assignment of leases. Budgets for marketing might be trimmed as the larger hospital will undertake the marketing costs. Knowledge and Expertise Incorporation will help the new clinic make use of highly trained and skilled health professionals from the larger hospital. Development departments not available in the clinic such as Researchers and scientists will work together with staff from the clinic to generate great innovative services. Combined skills of the marketing staff will generate more sales and the net result is increased profitability and shareholder value. Market Penetration Incorporation will facilitate first market penetration as it is established, associated with more customers. I will have to incorporate the clinic with a hospital that has demonstrated successfully in separate markets such as pharmaceutical company in the State (Finkelstein & Cooper 2010). Disadvantages The only disadvantage I will have is that the incorporation/merger has to be approved by votes of the stockholders of each firm. Two-thirds of the share votes will be required for the approval. Although I have experience and a good reputation of successfully leading mergers and acquisitions of hospitals, the process of obtaining the required votes has always proved to be time-consuming and difficult. The cooperation of the stakeholders is not easily obtainable. The process of incorporation involves gathering votes from the stakeholders and the board members to determine those in support of the merger. If enough votes are gathered in support of the merges, then the transaction will be effected and the dissenting shareholders will be obliged to go along with the process of incorporation (Finkelstein & Cooper 2010). Feasibility Study Family and Child will start as a non profit organization of an already established nonprofit hospital. This sort of arrangement is referred as fiscal spons orship. Feasibility will help to determine whether time is convenient to launch the project. Public support is also a common characteristic for all non profits. Feasibility study will therefore determine whether the initiative has public support that is feasible. The key questions to be answered by the feasibility study include; Will the clinic intended merges support the initiative and the incorporation process? Is the wider community beneficiary of the initiative support the initiative to level that will make the initiative feasible? Time will then be spent to determine that the initiative will be sustainable (Judith, 2009). The feasibility will involve testing depth of the supporter’s commitment to the program. The propose clinic will be described to a reasonable list of p[potential supporters and careful analysis of their replies will make a sober assessment. A consultant who will interview staff from the clinic will do this. Board members, community leaders, top and pros pective donors will be interviewed. The consultant selected will be someone from the outside that not having any biased agenda but simply undertaking the fact-finding mission. People are more likely to tell a stranger both the affirmative and unenthusiastic aspects of the organization. They will be comfortable to genuinely express their feelings with a stranger rather than share them with the executive director or board member (Finkelstein & Cooper 2010). This term contract is made between the Family and Child clinic and; Personal Information 1. Name: 2. Date of Birth(mm/dd/yy): 3.

Darwin Natural Selection Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Darwin Natural Selection - Essay Example As the paper highlights  one of the issues that creationists and individuals that believe in intelligent design point to as a shortcoming of natural selection is with respect to those organisms or systems that are highly complex and in which partial inadequacy of function would preclude natural selection.   One such system would be that of the human eye; arguably one of the most complex mechanisms that exists within nature.   However, Darwin, and those that support him would point to the fact that the need to see would be evidenced through many of the different states of eyesight that exist from the most basic caterpillars to the most advanced mammals.   Although it is true that the theory itself exist on something of an extension basis, the understanding and believe that the validity and truth of the statement ultimately exists as a function of its existence, there are a number of moral parallels and understandings that can be constructed via immoral understanding of specifi cally what Darwin’s theory entails.This paper outlines that  without the four a higher power, morality and another itself is constrained only with regards to the way in which humanity seeks to buy morality within the current context. In other words, natural selection in and of itself is a process by which furtherance of species is sure by the natural and â€Å"blind† process that nature engages to select those which will most likely carry on genes further the process of reproduction.

PROJECT MANAGEMENT: The Channel tunnel

PROJECT MANAGEMENT: The Channel tunnel INTRODUCTION TO PROJECT MANAGEMENT Project management is the planning, organizing and managing of tasks and resources to accomplish a defined objective, usually with constraints on time and cost. Most projects, whether they are large and complex or small and simple, can be planned by breaking the project into small, easily manageable tasks, scheduling the tasks, and then tracking the tasks as work progresses. Project management helps you answer questions such as: What is to be done? Who will complete the task? When must it be done? How much will it cost? What happens if work isnt completed on time? Planning the project and creating a schedule This includes defining the tasks and their duration, setting up relationships between tasks, and, if you are tracking resource usage, assigning resources. All later phases of the project are based directly on the information you provide when you first plan your project. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Managing changes This is an ongoing process that begins once you create a schedule and the project starts, and ends when the project is complete. It includes tracking and adjusting your schedule to reflect changes that occur as the project progresses. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Communicating project information This is a very important process that involves communicating project information to clients, project staff, and management. Project management software is productivity software that will assist you in each of these steps. Many professionals find it is among the most productive tools in their skill set. In todays business it is in the best interest of companies to have project managers. Common sense isnt always usually accomplished. For anyone whos ever worked on a project in a technical setting knows this. Indeed, much of working with others consists of solving unexpected problems and learning from mistakes along the way. Knowing this and having the proper tools a project manager will be able to manage and complete the most intense project out there. It seems that people time and again have the wrong impression of what a project manager does. It is not about being able to create a compound plan to hang on the wall. It is not about setting up conference after conference. This is about understanding a big business objective, understanding the technology involved, being able to communicate at an assortment of levels, being able to encourage and direct people, being able to handle the constant worry and troubles, and being structured enough to make certain the whole thing that needs to get completed, gets completed. What this comes down to is a project manager should be able to meet or exceed all of the stakeholders expectations. The project manager also must be able to get others to work with limited authority throughout the duration. Doing most of the work yourself is a poor long-term development strategy and will never solve the problem. In every project there are always some universal characteristics that will be shared. They all have a comprehensible and established purpose and very distinct life durations. Overall, all projects are doing something that may possibly be new or yet a onetime endeavor but have explicit requirements which include; time, price, and performance. Project management deals with tools, people, and systems. (Lewis) The first project of this module is to do a group poster presentation. We have limited time to carry out research and we were worn off by the intensive lectures. This is where I found out how time management and team work play as important elements for success. We distributed the workload among ourselves and set a time frame for completion. Group members were to adhere to the time frame stipulated. This is how we manage to complete a simple presentation, with many hidden hard work behind our success. A project manager should have certain qualities in order to successfully execute a project and then run them successfully for the project to be a hit in the market. A project manager should have certain attribute for successful in a project and they are Monitoring and Controlling: Project manger always monitors the work done by his team members and has control over the entire project. They also have to make sure about the budget estimated at the beginning of the project. Self-esteem: Project manager should always motivate his team members to do their work sincerely and help by supporting each and every one at the work. Leadership skills: Project Manager should have leadership qualities to manage the team. Project closure The final objective is project closure which includes verifying that all of the work has been accomplished, check the Contractual closure of the contract, financial closure of the charge numbers and finally administrative closure of the paperwork. Successful project management can then be defined as having achieved the project objectives. Project management has evolved to plan, co-ordinate and control the complex and diverse activities of modern industrial, commercial and management change and IT projects (Lock 2009). Channel Tunnel: Introduction The Channel tunnel project undertaken to create a connection between England and France via underground tunnel, presents one of the largest privately funded construction projects ever under taken. It required the cooperation of two national governments, bankers underwriting the funding for the projects, numerous contractors and several regular agencies. The construction and engineering of the tunnel required the use of new technology and required significant modifications during the project due to unexpected conditions and changes required by various parties. This case study demonstrates the numerous factors which played during the course of the project that has significant effects on the overall course of the project. At the end Caunnel project was completed, but it was late and over budgeted. The promotion of and investment in the Channel Tunnel was a challenging multinational affair drawing in institutions from several countries. In this paper, I concentrate on the promotion of the abortive tunnel project of 1957-1975 and the ultimately successful venture a decade later, focusing on governments and companies in Britain, France, the United States, and Japan. I identify the management and sharing of risk as the critical elements in the Tunnels political economy. Here, the difficulties produced by the quadripartite quilt of negotiations involving two governments (Britain and France) and two tunnel companies are at center stage, though I also argue that American involvement was important in the first project, and Japanese financial support was critical in the second. The debates concerned the type of crossing, questions of ownership versus licensing and regulation, and the importance of making public investment in related and supporting infrastructure. The Channel Tunnel has significance as a prototype of public-private partnership in Britain, and I draw lessons from the experience, referring in particular to the challenges presented by the infrastructure project circle.The paper draws on material assembled for Terry Gourvish, The Official History of the Channel Tunnel (London, 2006). It all started in 1802 when French forward a proposal to tunnel under the English Channel, which would be illuminated using oil lamps, horse-drawn coaches for transportation and also an artificial mid-channel foe changing horses. But, the project was delayed for a very long period In 1955 both British and French governments supported surveys and in 1974, a government-funded the twin tunnel project with car shuttle wagons. Later in 1975 British government had no interest in funding the project so they had no objection for a privately funded project. And hence the project was given into the hands of the private companies. On 2 july 1985, both French and British formed a group Channel Tunnel Group/France. The design and construction was done by this company as the project was undertaken by private companies. The Chunnel Tunnel is a build -own- operate- transfer project with a concession. And the British and French governments will hold the control on final engineering and safety decisions, now those were in the hands of Channel Tunnel Safety Authority. Eleven tunnel boring machines, which were working from both the sides of the tunnel cut through two rail tunnels and the service tunnel, this started in 1988, and 1994 operating of the tunnel began. And it was estimated that the cost of the construction was  £4.650 billon.15000 people were employed with daily expenditure over  £3 million. And ten workers were killed during the construction process. The Eurotunnel completed tunnel boring on time, hence the tunnel was finally opened officially by British Queen Elizabeth II and French President Francois Mitterand in a ceremony held in Calais on 6th may 1994. The Chunnel Tunnel also known as (French: Chunnel tunnel source ls manche) is a 50.5-Kilometer undersea rail tunnel linking Folk stone, Kent near Dover in the United Kingdom with coquilles, Pas-de-Calais near Calais in northern France. At its lowest point, it is 75 meters (250 ft) deep 1802 Channel tunnel proposal was brought across by Albert Mathieu 1875 The beginning of Channel Tunnel Company Ltd 1882 Abbots Cliff had reached 897 yards (820 m) and Shakespeare Cliff was 2,040 yards (1,870 m) in length. January 1975 British-French government stopped there backed scheme support in 1974 February 1986 They proceeded the project with the permission of Treaty of Canterbury June 1988 In France the First tunneling was started December 1988 Tunneling operation was started in UK December 1990 Broke down of the service tunnel under the Channel May 1994 The formal inauguration by The Queen and President(French) Mid 1994 Passenger and Cargos started using the trains November 1996 Due to fire there was huge damage in the tunnel November 2007 After the renovation the tunnel was re opened for the public. Fig. SOME IMPORTANT DATES. Challenges: Communication Gap Communication plays a very vital role in a project, not only for the project managers but also for the rest of the team members. This is one of the factors driving a project to success or failure. England and France are the two groups of people who were working together and there were communication gap between two teams, which leads to major delay of the project. Planning There was no proper planning for this project as this was the first project towards Chunnel, none of them were aware how to go about it and what are the different kinds of challenges they will come across during this project and they were unable to project on anything. In every stage they use to come up with different problems and that use to take time this use to reflect time factors and because of this budget use to go high. Strengths Technically strongly built, hence a successful Quality Management implemented. Back office support was excellent. Good team work between two groups. A winning proposal under build owner transfer granted to CTG and overall quality of work impressive, work place accident rates were below the industrial average and implementation of effective change management. Weakness Time delay and over budget, project was not well planned, poor change management, risk management was not in place, change in design resulted in project delay, litigation and claims was high in the project, lack of team work and communication, financial model optimistic resulted in cost increase, scope was not well defined and rolling stock and specifications were not the same between British and French. Lessons to be learnt: Due to proper planning there was delay at work provide adequate defined scope and a well planned changed management system, the sound risk management technique and adequate planning and research techniques to be put in place. Good coordination between two governments and try minimizing the litigation and claims by brining proper planning in place. We had a great time doing this project. The time and money spent on Channel tunnel inspired all team members to take a trip through the Euro-France Eurotunnel. While preparing a poster me and other team memebers got an oppurtunity to watch a documentary video on Euro tunnel filmed by Discovery channel. Project management theories of team leadership was a big lesson I got to learn while doing this poster. One of the team members took control when the team dynamism was coming to a stand still. Watching him giving direction to team and motivating various team members to perform was when I understood leadership roles. I played a role of organiser in the team. I took responsibility to keep track of every ones effort in the team. I also passed on their work done to every other team member, and acknowledged that member. Presentation skills was of most importance in poster making as we were not allowed to explain the posters, whereas the posters had to speak for themselves. All the team had to put their thinking caps on and rack brains to come with a good presentation idea. At first we planned to put everything we had into the poster but later realised that would over crowd the poster. Hence then we sorted the data we had and then easened our poster with a partitioned look and a title in the middle. Project Life Cycle As can been seen in the methodology lifecycle graph shown in the poster and also attached in the appendix, our poster making task was a smooth run. Our module leader Michael Snelgrove assigned our team Jaguar with Chunnel Tunnel case study. To make a poster on Chunnel Tunnel project case study wasnt a easy task. I joined the team later hence in the second week the team introduced me to the case study and we all decided to meet again with highlighted essentials. The week after we all discussed and distributed essential task amongst ourselves every Niaz introduced us to the title Everything Comes Down To Money as in the Chunnel Tunnel project the blotted budget was the big issue. Everyone agreed with the title and started with further data collection, Niloy one of the team members gave me the sources for study materials and there on we finalized the total data and content to be presented in the poster. We discussed reaming time cost of printing, specification of poster and risk of show ing some required data on the poster. Every one confirmed their acceptance towards work submitted by each team member. The printing cost of the poster were one of the issues in one of the data meetings but the module leader Michael Snelgrove solved the problem by taking responsibility for poster printing costs, as we were nearing the data submission we discussed our work with the module leader and requested for suggestions to improve the poster then more amendment tasks were distributed among ourselves we then finally sat together and finalized the poster. Analysis and Communications were the major skills we used for the successful completion of the given task. We received positive comments on the judgment day of poster except for our criticism on showing the Hitlers photograph in the poster. Conclusion After doing the poster makings the group has a whole understood that no previous experience and hidden technical costs resulted in late compellation of the project with the bloated budget.